Weight Loss and Weight Gain
It is possible that both genetic traits and psychological factors could increase the risk of body weight gains that leads to obesity. Research suggests that about 40% of weight deference between individuals is not strictly related to an unhealthy or healthy eating and a program of regular exercise or lack of it.
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In fact about 40% of weight deference related to genetic background. Additionally body shape inheritance from that of pencil thin to muscular is to a large extent a determining factor for the size and shape of body. These body types are known as endomorph, mesomorph and ectomorph.
The Extreme endomorph has a stocky build with most of the body weight mass giving the appearance of been concentrated around the abdominal area. Hands and feet are comparatively small. Head is large round and the face broad.
The mesomorph exhibits a muscular medium build and large bones. Features of the face are well defined, square cheek bones and heavy jaw. The face is broad and long, with a cubicle shape. Body weight loss is difficult.
Ectomorphs seem to have inherited genetic traits to easier maintain healthy body weight.
They are tall with a linear physique and lightly muscled. They use more energy even when resting. They have sharp facial features and a triangular face.
Set-point theory proposes that body weight and body fat is partly genetically predetermined in humans. The regulation of blood pressure and body temperature are two analogies used to support the set-point concept. Research suggests that the hypothalamus monitors and tries to keep the amount of fat constant over time. Additional sound physiological evidence suggests that body weight tends to be regulated.
In major studies metabolic rate will slow if energy intake is reduced; fall of thyroid hormone concentration in the blood results in metabolic slow down. Adipose and muscle cells will increase enzymatic activity of lipoprotein lipase for the uptake of fat from the blood stream and energy used by lean tissue falls. The body resists weight loss.
In contrast if an individual overeats in the sort term metabolic rate will increase as body mass increases to resist weight gain. Individuals on a dieting program can easily be aware of the resistance to weight loss but not so much about the resistance to weight gain when they overeat. In the long term resistance to weight gain is lesser to weight loss. Once you gain some weight and stays with you for a time the body will tent to defend this new weight gain from loss.
In the final analysis the odds are against preventing weight gains even with the help of set-point as it is weaker than preventing weight loss. Both nature and nurture can influence towards weight gain and obesity. Allowing one or the other to express itself it may be like an accident waiting to happen. We must use our common sense and bear most of the responsibility for weight gain or weight loss ourselves.
weight loss, body weight loss, weight gain
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